Segmentation involves dividing a network into distinct segments or zones to control and isolate the flow of traffic. Each segment has its own set of security controls and access policies.

By limiting the scope of access and containment of security breaches, segmentation enhances overall network security. It prevents unauthorized lateral movement within the network, minimizing the impact of potential compromises.

Layering, also known as defense in depth, entails implementing multiple layers of security measures throughout the network infrastructure. These layers work together to create a comprehensive defense against various types of cyber threats.

The layering approach ensures that even if one security layer is breached, other layers remain intact to provide additional protection. This principle aims to make it more challenging for attackers to compromise the entire system.

Vulnerability assessment is the systematic process of identifying, evaluating, and prioritizing vulnerabilities within a network. It involves scanning systems and applications to discover potential weaknesses.

By proactively identifying vulnerabilities, organizations can address and mitigate them before they can be exploited by malicious actors. This principle aids in reducing the overall risk of security incidents and enhancing the network's resilience.

The Weakest Link concept highlights the idea that the security of a system is determined by its most vulnerable component. It emphasizes the importance of identifying and strengthening any weak points in the network.

Focusing on the weakest link helps prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerabilities that could lead to a network breach. Strengthening the weakest links improves the overall security posture and ensures a more robust defense against potential threats.